title: Programming related

• Elixir like Go returns errors as part of response instead of like an exception. But the pattern matching style in Elixir makes the code less verbose unlike Go where you need to add if checks. See this about Go: https://eli.thegreenplace.net/2018/on-the-uses-and-misuses-of-panics-in-go/#id6
• Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) made classes orthogonal to functions to maintain consistency
• Clojure made relations between objects orthogonal to the objects.

Hash Table / Dictionary

• Efficient way to access & store keys. Amortized read/write complexity is C + O(1), where C is the time to calculate the hash of the key.

Backtracking

Backtacking uses a stack as a mechanism. Using recursion is re-using the programming language's call stack instead. It's also a tree as it's a depth first search of the space.